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The following is Part 2 of a two-part series (see part one here) exploring how pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing can help senior living communities navigate medication conversations and support more personalized care. The series is written by Dr. Troy Veale, CEO of PHD Laboratory, a healthcare innovator with more than 25 years of experience in behavioral health and over a decade in laboratory science focused on advancing precision medicine and improving patient outcomes.
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In Part 1, we explored why medication conversations matter in senior living environments. In Part 2, we turn to the clinical side of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing, what it is, what it is not, and why it holds particular relevance for aging populations.
WHAT PGx TESTING ACTUALLY EVALUATES
Pharmacogenetic testing analyzes specific genes that influence how medications are metabolized. Using a non-invasive cheek swab, laboratories evaluate genetic markers related to drug-processing enzymes, particularly those that impact common prescriptions used in aging adults.
Results may indicate whether an individual is likely to:
- Metabolize a medication too quickly (reducing effectiveness)
- Metabolize it too slowly (increasing side effect risk)
- Process it as expected
- Benefit from alternative medication classes
The goal is not to dictate therapy but to provide additional data to support provider judgment.
WHY AGING POPULATIONS BENEFIT FROM PERSONALIZATION
Older adults are more susceptible to adverse drug reactions for several reasons:
- Decreased liver and kidney function
- Changes in body composition
- Multiple coexisting health conditions
- Polypharmacy (use of multiple medications)
Research consistently shows that adverse drug events are a leading cause of emergency department visits among older adults. Even when medications are appropriately prescribed, genetic variation can influence response.
PGx testing brings that variability into clearer focus.
ADDRESSING COMMON MYTHS
Myth 1: PGx testing is only for complex cases.
In reality, many commonly prescribed medications, including those for cardiovascular health, depression, pain, and neurology — have pharmacogenetic considerations.
Myth 2: Stable patients don’t need this information.
Even stable residents may benefit from minimizing long-term risk or identifying lower-risk alternatives.
Myth 3: It replaces physician expertise.
PGx testing enhances decision-making. Providers interpret results within the context of medical history and clinical presentation.
Myth 4: It is invasive or risky.
The test requires only a simple cheek swab.
BENEFITS ACROSS STAKEHOLDERS
For providers:
- Additional prescribing insight
- Support for medication adjustments
- Alignment with evidence-informed care
For senior living teams:
- Stronger educational positioning
- Confidence in discussing holistic care
- Alignment with preventative models
For families:
- Greater transparency
- Reduced uncertainty
- Peace of mind
Medication conversations become proactive rather than reactive.
PRIVACY, COVERAGE AND NEXT STEPS
Your DNA is used only to analyze how your body processes medications. PHD Laboratory does not sell, share, or store your DNA for any other purpose. We are CLIA and COLA certified and fully compliant with HIPAA privacy laws, ensuring your genetic information is protected and confidential at all times.
PGx testing is covered by Medicare Part B for eligible patients and may also be paid for using FSA/HSA funds, CareCredit, or private pay options.